
Herb
From Olympic sprinters to ultramarathon runners, cannabis has touched the sport at every distance
Cannabis and track and field share an uneasy relationship. Unlike skateboarding or snowboarding, athletics has never embraced marijuana as part of its cultural identity. Yet the cases keep emerging—from world-record sprinters to Olympic long jumpers to ultramarathon specialists who openly advocate for THC as a training aid.
For athletes exploring cannabis strains for recovery or focus, these stories illustrate both the potential benefits and the very real competitive consequences that can follow.
No cannabis-related case in track and field history generated more attention than Sha’Carri Richardson’s positive THC test at the 2021 U.S. Olympic Trials. At just 21 years old, the 100-meter champion saw her Tokyo Olympic hopes evaporate in a matter of days.
Richardson’s case became a lightning rod for debate about whether cannabis should remain on WADA’s prohibited list. USADA CEO Travis Tygart issued a statement acknowledging the “debate about whether marijuana should be on the prohibited list” while explaining that current rules required the sanction. The sprinter’s honesty about using marijuana during an emotionally devastating period earned her widespread public sympathy, even as it cost her an Olympic berth.
U.S. long jumper Tara Davis-Woodhall knows both the sting of cannabis suspension and the heights of Olympic glory. In 2023, she tested positive for THC at the USA Indoor Championships—and was stripped of her national title as a result.
Davis-Woodhall’s trajectory mirrors Richardson’s—a cannabis suspension followed by ultimate competitive redemption. Her willingness to accept responsibility and move forward offers a template for athletes navigating similar situations. For those seeking cannabis for wellness purposes, her story underscores the importance of understanding competitive testing windows.
The fastest human ever timed, Usain Bolt holds world records in the 100m and 200m that have stood for over 15 years. While he has no publicly recorded anti-doping sanction during his legendary career, Bolt admitted teenage marijuana use in Jamaica in a 2009 interview with German newspaper Bild.
Bolt’s admission illustrates how cannabis use among elite athletes often predates their professional careers. His flawless drug testing record as a competitor shows that teenage experimentation doesn’t necessarily continue into elite athletic careers—or that mature athletes learn to navigate testing protocols more carefully.
The 2018 U.S. 400-meter champion, Kahmari Montgomery received a one-month suspension in June 2021 after testing positive for THC at the Miramar Invitational.
Montgomery’s case received far less attention than Richardson’s, despite occurring the same month. The disparity illustrates how Olympic proximity and public narrative shape media coverage of cannabis violations more than the violations themselves.
Iowa All-American James Carter Jr. became one of the most recent track and field athletes to receive a cannabis suspension when he tested positive for THC at the 2025 USA Indoor Championships.
Carter’s case demonstrates that despite the attention generated by Richardson’s and Davis-Woodhall’s suspensions, athletes continue testing positive for THC at major domestic competitions.
Colorado-based ultramarathon runner Avery Collins represents a completely different relationship between track and field and cannabis. A winner of the grueling Colorado 200 Mile Endurance Run, Collins openly discusses consuming THC edibles during training and has secured cannabis company sponsorships.
Collins represents the ultramarathon community’s radically different approach to cannabis. Without formal drug testing at most ultra events, runners can openly explore cannabis products for endurance training without career consequences. His success—winning races while openly using THC—challenges assumptions about cannabis and athletic performance.
Featured prominently in Christopher McDougall’s bestselling book “Born to Run,” Jenn Shelton set the U.S. 100-mile trail record and qualified for the 2012 Olympic Marathon Trials. She has been outspoken about marijuana’s benefits for runners.
Shelton’s credentials make her cannabis advocacy particularly noteworthy. As an Olympic Trials qualifier who transitioned to ultramarathons, she bridges the worlds of formally tested and untested distance running. Her articulation of specific benefits—pain management, nausea control, mental calm—offers practical insight for runners considering cannabis education for performance and recovery.
Ultramarathon runner Heather Mashhoodi participated in a CU Boulder study examining how cannabis affects exercise, publicly discussing her use of THC gummies during training runs.
Mashhoodi’s participation in academic research adds scientific credibility to anecdotal claims about cannabis and running. The CU Boulder study she contributed to represents growing academic interest in understanding how THC affects workout enjoyment, perceived exertion, and recovery.
The eight verified cases reveal a stark divide within track and field. Athletes competing in WADA/USADA-tested events—sprints, jumps, throws, and standard marathons—face strict consequences for cannabis use. Richardson, Davis-Woodhall, Montgomery, and Carter all received suspensions that disrupted their competitive calendars.
Meanwhile, ultramarathon runners operate in an entirely different environment. Collins, Shelton, and Mashhoodi can openly discuss cannabis use because most ultra events lack formal drug testing. This creates a unique space where elite athletes can explore THC as a training tool without risking their careers.
Current WADA rules treat cannabis violations differently than performance-enhancing drugs. Under the 2021 Code, THC is treated as a ‘Substance of Abuse.’ In cases where an athlete establishes out-of-competition use unrelated to performance, sanctions start at 3 months and may be further reduced to 1 month after completing an approved treatment program. This relatively lenient treatment reflects ongoing debate about whether cannabis belongs on the prohibited list at all.
This list is U.S.-heavy, reflecting USADA’s public sanction reporting—but cannabis use and controversy in track & field clearly extends beyond the U.S. (e.g., Bolt’s admitted teenage use in Jamaica). Other national anti-doping agencies may handle cannabis violations differently, with less public disclosure.
For athletes and fans interested in exploring cannabis responsibly, finding trusted dispensaries near you provides access to products from reputable sources with clear labeling and dosing information.
Under the 2021 Code, THC is treated as a ‘Substance of Abuse.’ When athletes can demonstrate that use was unrelated to sport performance and occurred out-of-competition, sanctions typically start at 3 months and may be reduced to 1 month after completing an approved treatment program. This is the pathway athletes like Sha’Carri Richardson, Tara Davis-Woodhall, Kahmari Montgomery, and James Carter Jr. followed. However, suspensions can be longer if athletes cannot establish that use was out of competition or unrelated to performance.
The difference comes down to drug testing protocols. Major track and field competitions—Olympic Trials, World Championships, Diamond League meets—operate under WADA/USADA oversight with mandatory testing. Most ultramarathon events lack this formal testing infrastructure, allowing athletes like Avery Collins and Jenn Shelton to discuss THC use without career consequences. This creates a unique subculture within distance running where cannabis is normalized rather than prohibited.
Unlike snowboarding (Ross Rebagliati’s Ross’ Gold) or skateboarding (multiple pro skater brands), no globally prominent Olympic track & field figure has launched a widely known cannabis brand comparable to these examples. The sport’s conservative culture and Olympic focus likely discourage such ventures. However, ultramarathon runners like Avery Collins have secured cannabis sponsorships, suggesting entrepreneurial opportunities may emerge as legalization expands.
Reasons vary by athlete and discipline. Sha’Carri Richardson used cannabis to cope with grief after learning of her mother’s death. Ultramarathon runners cite pain management, nausea control during extreme distances, and mental calm. Jenn Shelton specifically noted that cannabis helps runners “manage pain, not puke, and stay calm.” For recovery-focused use, Herb’s cannabis education section offers comprehensive guides on responsible consumption.
Despite ongoing debate, WADA’s current Prohibited List (effective 2026) maintains cannabinoids as prohibited in-competition. However, the agency has raised THC detection thresholds historically and structures the rules so cannabinoids are prohibited in-competition rather than out-of-competition. These changes suggest evolving attitudes, even if full removal remains unlikely in the near term. Athletes competing in tested events must still navigate current regulations regardless of shifting cultural acceptance.
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